Tooth Sensitivity: why it Occurs and how it Can be Treated Effectively
Tooth sensitivity is one of the most common problems in dental consultations. This sharp, brief pain in response to stimuli such as cold, heat, sweets, or acidic beverages can affect daily life and impair quality of life. Although it is often normalized or minimized, tooth sensitivity is a symptom that should not be ignored, as it may indicate alterations in the enamel, gum, or dentin. At Semedi Salud, in Málaga, we perform an accurate diagnosis and offer treatments tailored to each patient to alleviate this problem effectively and lastingly.
What Exactly is Tooth Sensitivity?
Tooth sensitivity occurs when the dentin, the inner layer of the tooth, is exposed. The dentin contains small tubules that connect to the dental nerve. When these tubules are open, external stimuli easily reach the nerve, causing brief but intense pain.
This pain may appear in response to stimuli such as:
- Cold or hot drinks.
- Acidic or sweet foods.
- Cold air when breathing.
- Tooth brushing.
- Direct contact during a professional cleaning, if there is already previous sensitivity.
The good news is that, in most cases, it is a treatable problem. The key is to detect the specific cause.
Main Causes of Tooth Sensitivity
Tooth sensitivity does not appear for a single reason. There are several causes that can favor the exposure of the dentin or the irritation of the nerve.
Enamel Wear
The enamel is the protective layer of the tooth. When it erodes due to acidic foods, carbonated beverages, aggressive brushing, or bruxism, it exposes the dentin.
Gingival Recession
The retraction of the gums exposes the root of the tooth, which is not covered by enamel and is much more sensitive. It is common in people with periodontal disease or traumatic brushing.
Bruxism
Clenching or grinding teeth, especially at night, causes wear and micro-cracks in the enamel, facilitating sensitivity.
Cavities or Dental Fissures
A cavity or crack can penetrate the dentin and cause pain when consuming certain foods or beverages.
Recent Dental Procedures
Treatments such as deep cleanings, teeth whitening, or placement of fillings can generate temporary sensitivity.
Diagnosis: the Importance of a Professional Assessment
Identifying the exact cause is essential before starting treatment. At Semedi Salud, we perform a thorough examination that includes:
- Clinical review of the enamel and gums.
- Detection of cavities, wear, or fractures.
- Thermal or tactile sensitivity tests.
- Evaluation of patient habits and dental history.
Only from this diagnosis is it possible to determine the best solution to reduce or eliminate tooth sensitivity.
Effective Treatments for Tooth Sensitivity
Once the cause has been identified, there are multiple treatments that allow to relieve sensitivity and protect the dental structure.
Desensitizing Sealants and Varnishes
They are applied directly on the surface of the tooth to seal the exposed dentinal tubules, reducing the transmission of painful stimuli.
Specific Toothpastes and Mouthwashes
There are formulas designed to decrease sensitivity through agents such as potassium nitrate or stannous fluoride. Its habitual use significantly improves the discomfort.
Periodontal Treatment
If the sensitivity is related to gingival retraction or periodontal disease, it is necessary to treat the underlying cause to prevent the progression of the problem.
Reconstructions or Fillings
When the sensitivity is due to cavities or fissures, dental restoration is essential to protect the exposed dentin.
Discharge Splints
In patients with bruxism, the use of night splints prevents enamel wear and excessive pressure on the teeth.
How to Prevent Tooth Sensitivity from Home
In addition to clinical treatments, there are a number of habits that help prevent or reduce sensitivity.
Proper Brushing
Using a soft-bristled brush and avoiding sudden movements protects the enamel and gums. Relying more on technique than on force is key.
Appropriate Dental Hygiene Products
Choosing toothpastes with fluoride and specific for sensitivity contributes to strengthen the enamel and seal the dentin.
Control of Acid Consumption
Limiting the intake of soft drinks, citrus fruits or vinegars helps to avoid enamel erosion. If they are taken, it is advisable to wait 20 minutes before brushing.
Healthy Habits
Avoiding tobacco and maintaining a balanced diet also promotes oral health.
Periodic Check-Ups
Going to the dentist at least once or twice a year allows to detect problems early.
Personalized Treatment at Semedi Salud
At Semedi Salud, in Málaga, we have a team of dentists specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of tooth sensitivity. Our approach is based on:
- Precise identification of the origin of the problem.
- Personalized treatments according to the cause.
- Use of quality materials and minimally invasive techniques.
- Follow-up to ensure lasting results.
Our goal is for each patient to regain comfort, well-being, and confidence when eating, drinking, or smiling.
We are located in El Corte Inglés de Málaga.
